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CISCO路由器配置手册
五、ISDN
1.
综合数字业务网（ISDN）
综合数字业务网（ISDN）由数字电话和数据传输服务两部分组成，一般由电话局提供这种服务。ISDN的基本速率接口（BRI）服务提供2个B信道和1个D信道（2B+D）。BRI的B信道速率为64Kbps,用于传输用户数据。D信道的速率为16Kbps，主要传输控制信号。在北美和日本，ISDN的主速率接口（PRI）提供23个B信道和1个D信道，总速率可达1.544Mbps，其中D信道速率为64Kbps。而在欧洲、澳大利亚等国家，ISDN的PRI提供30个B信道和1个64Kbps
D信道，总速率可达2.048Mbps。我国电话局所提供ISDN
PRI为30B+D。
2.
基本命令
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任务
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命令
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设置ISDN交换类型
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isdn
switch-type switch-type1
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接口设置
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interface
bri 0
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设置PPP封装
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encapsulation
ppp
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设置协议地址与电话号码的映射
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dialer
map protocol next-hop-address [name hostname] [broadcast]
[dial-string]
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启动PPP多连接
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ppp
multilink
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设置启动另一个B通道的阈值
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dialer
load-threshold load
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显示ISDN有关信息
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show
isdn {active | history | memory | services | status [dsl | interface-type
number] | timers}
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注：1.交换机类型如下表,国内交换机一般为basic-net3。
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按区域分关键字
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交换机类型
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Australia
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basic-ts013
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Australian
TS013 switches
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Europe
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basic-1tr6
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German
1TR6 ISDN switches
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basic-nwnet3
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Norway
NET3 switches (phase 1)
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basic-net3
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NET3
ISDN switches (UK, Denmark, and other nations); covers the Euro-ISDN E-DSS1
signalling system
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primary-net5
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NET5
switches (UK and Europe)
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vn2
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French
VN2 ISDN switches
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vn3
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French
VN3 ISDN switches
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Japan
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ntt
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Japanese
NTT ISDN switches
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primary-ntt
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Japanese
ISDN PRI switches
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North
America
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basic-5ess
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AT&T
basic rate switches
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basic-dms100
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NT
DMS-100 basic rate switches
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basic-ni1
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National
ISDN-1 switches
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primary-4ess
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AT&T
4ESS switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only)
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primary-5ess
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AT&T
5ESS switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only)
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primary-dms100
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NT
DMS-100 switch type for the U.S. (ISDN PRI only)
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New
Zealand
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basic-nznet3
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New
Zealand Net3 switches
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3.
ISDN实现DDR（dial-on-demand
routing）实例:
设置如下：
Router1:
hostname
router1
user
router2 password cisco
!
isdn
switch-type basic-net3
!
interface
bri 0
ip
address 192.200.10.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation
ppp
dialer
map ip 192.200.10.2 name router2 572
dialer
load-threshold 80
ppp
multilink
dialer-group
1
ppp
authentication chap
！
dialer-list
1 protocol ip permit
!
Router2:
hostname
router2
user
router1 password cisco
!
isdn
switch-type basic-net3
!
interface
bri 0
ip
address 192.200.10.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation
ppp
dialer
map ip 192.200.10.1 name router1 571
dialer load-threshold 80
ppp
multilink
dialer-group
1
ppp
authentication chap
！
dialer-list
1 protocol ip permit
!
Cisco路由器同时支持回拨功能，我们将路由器Router1作为Callback
Server,Router2作为Callback
Client。
与回拨相关命令:
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任务
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命令
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映射协议地址和电话号码，并在接口上使用在全局模式下定义的PPP回拨的映射类别。
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dialer
map protocol address name hostname class classname dial-string
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设置接口支持PPP回拨
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ppp
callback accept
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在全局模式下为PPP回拨设置映射类别
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map-class
dialer classname
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通过查找注册在dialer
map里的主机名来决定回拨.
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dialer callback-server [username]
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设置接口要求PPP回拨
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ppp callback request
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设置如下：
Router1:
hostname
router1
user
router2 password cisco
!
isdn
switch-type basic-net3
!
interface
bri 0
ip
address 192.200.10.1 255.255.255.0
encapsulation
ppp
dialer
map ip 192.200.10.2 name router2 class s3 572
dialer
load-threshold 80
ppp
callback accept
ppp
multilink
dialer-group
1
ppp
authentication chap
！
map-class
dialer s3
dialer
callback-server username
dialer-list
1 protocol ip permit
!
Router2:
hostname
router2
user
router1 password cisco
!
isdn
switch-type basic-net3
!
interface
bri 0
ip
address 192.200.10.2 255.255.255.0
encapsulation
ppp
dialer
map ip 192.200.10.1 name router1 571
dialer
load-threshold 80
ppp callback request
ppp
multilink
dialer-group
1
ppp
authentication chap
！
dialer-list
1 protocol ip permit
!
相关调试命令：
debug
dialer
debug
isdn event
debug
isdn q921
debug
isdn q931
debug
ppp authentication
debug
ppp error
debug
ppp negotiation
debug
ppp packet
show
dialer
show
isdn status
举例:执行debug
dialer命令观察router2呼叫router1,router1回拨router2的过程.
router1#debug dialer
router2#ping 192.200.10.1
router1#
00:03:50: %LINK-3-UPDOWN:
Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up
00:03:50: BRI0:1:PPP
callback Callback server starting to router2 572
00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting
call
00:03:50: %LINK-3-UPDOWN:
Interface BRI0:1, changed state to down
00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting
call
00:03:50: BRI0:1: disconnecting
call
00:03:51: %LINK-3-UPDOWN:
Interface BRI0:2, changed state to up
00:03:52: callback to
router2 already started
00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting
call
00:03:52: %LINK-3-UPDOWN:
Interface BRI0:2, changed state to down
00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting
call
00:03:52: BRI0:2: disconnecting
call
00:04:05: : Callback
timer expired
00:04:05: BRI0:beginning
callback to router2 572
00:04:05: BRI0: Attempting
to dial 572
00:04:05: Freeing callback
to router2 572
00:04:05: %LINK-3-UPDOWN:
Interface BRI0:1, changed state to up
00:04:05: BRI0:1: No
callback negotiated
00:04:05: %LINK-3-UPDOWN:
Interface Virtual-Access1, changed state to up
00:04:05: dialer Protocol
up for Vi1
00:04:06: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:
Line protocol on Interface BRI0:1, changed state
to up
00:04:06: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN:
Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access1, chang
ed state to up
00:04:11: %ISDN-6-CONNECT:
Interface BRI0:1 is now connected to 572
#router1
4.
ISDN访问首都在线263网实例:
本地局部网地址为10.0.0.0/24,属于保留地址，通过NAT地址翻译功能，局域网用户可以通过ISDN上263网访问Internet。263的ISDN电话号码为2633，用户为263，口令为263，所涉及的命令如下表：
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任务
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命令
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指定接口通过PPP/IPCP地址协商获得IP地址
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ip
address negotiated
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指定内部和外部端口
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ip
nat {inside | outside}
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使用ppp/pap作认证
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ppp
authentication pap callin
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指定接口属于拨号组1
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dialer-group
1
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定义拨号组1允许所有IP协议
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dialer-list
1 protocol ip permit
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设定拨号，号码为2633
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dialer string 2633
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设定登录263的用户名和口令
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ppp
pap sent-username 263 password 263
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设定默认路由
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ip
route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 bri 0
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设定符合访问列表2的所有源地址被翻译为bri
0所拥有的地址
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ip
nat inside source list 2 interface bri 0 overload
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设定访问列表2，允许所有协议
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access-list
2 permit any
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具体配置如下：
hostname
Cisco2503
!
isdn
switch-type basic-net3
!
ip
subnet-zero
no
ip domain-lookup
ip
routing
!
interface
Ethernet 0
ip
address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
ip
nat inside
no
shutdown
!
interface
Serial 0
shutdown
no
description
no
ip address
!
interface
Serial 1
shutdown
no
description
no
ip address
!
interface
bri 0
ip
address negotiated
ip
nat outside
encapsulation
ppp
ppp
authentication pap callin
ppp
multilink
dialer-group
1
dialer
hold-queue 10
dialer string 2633
dialer
idle-timeout 120
ppp
pap sent-username 263 password 263
no
cdp enable
no
ip split-horizon
no
shutdown
!
ip
classless
!
!
Static Routes
!
ip
route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 bri 0
!
!
Access Control List 2
!
access-list
2 permit any
!
dialer-list
1 protocol ip permit
!
!
Dynamic NAT
!
ip
nat inside source list 2 interface bri 0 overload
snmp-server
community public ro
!
line
console 0
exec-timeout
0 0
!
line
vty 0 4
!
end
5.
Cisco765M通过ISDN拨号上263
由于Cisco765的设置命令与我们常用的Cisco路由器的命令不同，所以以下列举了通过Cisco765上263访问Internet的具体命令行设置步骤。
>set system c765
c765> set multidestination
on
c765> set switch
net3
c765> set ppp multilink
on
c765> cd lan
c765:LAN> set ip
routing on
c765:LAN> set ip
address 10.0.0.1
c765:LAN> set ip
netmask 255.0.0.0
c765:LAN> set briding
off
c765:LAN>cd
c765> set user remotenet
New user remotenet being
created
c765:remotenet> set
ip routing on
c765:remotenet> set
bridging off
c765:remotenet> set
ip framing none
c765:remotenet> set
ppp clientname 263
c765:remotenet> set
ppp password client
Enter new Password:
263
Re-Type new Password:
263
c765:remotenet> set
ppp authentication out none
c765:remotenet> set
ip address 0.0.0.0
c765:remotenet> set
ip netmask 0.0.0.0
c765:remotenet> set
ppp address negotiation local on
c765:remotenet> set
ip pat on
c765:remotenet> set
ip route destination 0.0.0.0/0 gateway 0.0.0.0
c765:remotenet> set
number 2633
c765:remotenet> set
active
命令描述如下：
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任务
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命令
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设置路由器系统名称
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set system c765
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允许路由器呼叫多个目的地
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set multidestination
on
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设置ISDN交换机类型为NET3
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set switch net3
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允许点到点间多条通道连接实现负载均衡
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set ppp multilink
on
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关掉桥接
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set briding off
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建立用户预制文件用于设置拨号连接参数-
可以设置多个用户预制文件用于相同的物理端口对应于不同的连接。
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set user remotenet
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使用PPP/IPCP
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set ip framing
none
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设置上网用户帐号
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set ppp clientname
263
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设置上网口令
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set ppp password
client
Enter new Password:
263
Re-Type new Password:
263
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不用PPP/CHAP或PAP做认证
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set ppp authentication
out none
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允许地址磋商
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set ppp address
negotiation local on
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设置地址翻译
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set ip pat on
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设置默认路由
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set ip route destination
0.0.0.0/0 gateway 0.0.0.0
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设置ISP的电话号码
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set number 2633
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激活用户预制文件
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set active
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返回目录
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